Reconstructing trees from ship timbers data analysis and schematics pdf
Dendrochronological Evaluation of Ship Timber from Charlestown Navy Yard (Boston, MA) and data analysis As the cache of unfinished timbers from Charlestown was not the priority for this research trip, we selected only the largest and best-quality materials readily available from the storage pile at Mystic Seaport. Specimens with waney edge present or other evidence
Reconstructing trees: Cladistics Cladistics is a method of hypothesizing relationships among organisms — in other words, a method of reconstructing evolutionary trees. The basis of a cladistic analysis is data on the characters , or traits, of the organisms in which we are interested.
At the time of the discovery of the Newport medieval ship, it proved impossible to date the timbers used in its original construction through dendrochronology.
Abstract. A new method called the neighbor-joining method is proposed for reconstructing phylogenetic trees from evolutionary distance data. The principle of this method is to find pairs of operational taxonomic units (OTUs [= neighbors]) that minimize the total branch length at each stage of clustering of OTUs starting with a starlike tree.
Ancestral reconstruction (also known as Character Mapping or Character Optimization) is the extrapolation back in time from measured characteristics of …
The History and Geography of Human Genes is…. The book’s firm conclusion…. there is ‘no scientific basis’ for theories touting the genetic superiority of any one population over another.” – Time The book’s firm conclusion…. there is ‘no scientific basis’ for theories touting the genetic superiority of any one population over another.”
CAD) for the reconstruction of past forestry practice and exploitation (WP2). As Steffy said (…) a wooden ship was, in reality, far more than a lifeless structure.
quasi-contiguous data sets of historical forests across much of the Western United States. Multiple methods exist for estimating tree density from point-based sampling such as the GLO surveys, including distance-based and area-based approaches.
A Consensus Tree Approach for Reconstructing Human Evolutionary History 169 labeled trees connecting the s ∈ S, where each node of any t ∈ T may be labeled
Growing numbers of local reference tree-ring chronologies provide increasing possibilities to localize imported timbers in buildings and works of art, reconstruct the history of shipwrecks, and study the intensity, range and main directions of timber trade in the past.
Abstract. In taxonomy and other branches of classification it is useful to know when tree-like classifications on overlapping sets of labels can be consistently combined into a parent tree.
The Analysis Ships & Trees Step 1 High detailed Step 1 timber recording Step 2 Ship reconstruction Step 3 Step 3 Tree reconstruction Ships The Analysis & Trees Step 3 – Tree Reconstruction Conclusions Wood characterization: • Fast grown trees, straight stem, low number of knots in the lower part of the stem, consistent grain flow orientation. • Specific wood shapes were chosen for
AutoCAD contains advanced tools for 3D modeling and rendering, customization (API, centralized libraries, sheet sets, add-ins, LISP, VB), parametric modeling (drawing geometry changes when you change the value of a dimension), standards checking, and data extraction.
Figure 2 Funnel-shaped feature used for tar production in the Roman Iron Age (photograph courtesy of Upplandsmuseet) and a schematic reconstruction drawing (amended from Kurzweil & Todtenhaupt 1998). More tar-production pits were excavated in the forested northern parts of the province, during the same road-construction project.
The studies undertaken on the Bremen Ship using 3D digital techniques have revealed patterns in the timbers used to build the Bremen Ship and dissimilarities on the trees used to build it. A multidisciplinary team undertook studies focussing on the timbers from the Bremen ship which included dendro-sampling, tree reconstruction to analyse wood morphology and wood provenance. Digital …

YouTube Embed: No video/playlist ID has been supplied

Estimation of above‐ground biomass of large tropical trees

Eleventh-century shift in timber procurement areas for the
2/02/2016 · An enduring mystery from the great houses of Chaco Canyon is the origin of more than 240,000 construction timbers. We evaluate probable timber procurement areas for seven great houses by applying tree-ring width-based sourcing to a set of 170 timbers.
Reports, data and drawings supporting the reconstruction of the Newport Medieval Ship, including a 3D pdf of the reconstructed hull. Timber Sheets The primary record containing description of timber, notable features, dimensions, and wood science.
Abstract. Conventional cladistic methods of inferring evolutionary relationships exclude temporal data from the initial search for optimal hypotheses, but stratocladistics includes such data.
reconstruction of human disturbances and forest regenera- tion at a site with a long history of land clearance, agri- culture, farm abandonment, and forest regrowth.
Reconstructing Eukaryotic Phylogeny Through Multigene Analyses of Microbial Eukaryotes (2004-2009) Laura A. Katz (lead PI) , Debashish Bhattacharya , Donald E. Burgess , John Huelsenbeck , John M. Logsdon and David J. Patterson
RECONSTRUCTING ENERGY LANDSCAPES 1309 (A) (B) FIG.1.An illustrative example.(A)The contour plot of the energy function of a 2-D distribution with seven modes indicated by red numbers.
For the first time in Portugal, selected timbers were recorded using a 3D contact digitizer as part of a program of research into development of techniques which facilitate reconstruction of the parent trees from which the timbers were cut, and provide a digital archive for future analysis and visualisation. Selected timbers were also sampled for dendrochronology and a range of wood science

Too many trees for data sets of more than 12 taxa. Branch and Bound Go to the analysis menu and select Bootstrap/jackknife . Set the number of replicates to 100 and the Type of search to Full heuristic, select Continue, then Search. EXERCISE VI: Maximum likelihood analyses. Maximum likelihood (ML) is a statistical method for reconstructing trees. We’ll discuss ML in lecture. Basically
This enables the reconstruction of the complete Forest of Lineage Trees (FLT) representation of evolving multi-clonal bacterial communities. Moreover, the percentage of valid cell trajectories extracted from the image analysis almost doubles after segmentation correction. This plethora of trustworthy data extracted from a complex cell movie analysis enables single-cell analytics as a tool for
Culvert Design in Forested Watersheds That Improve: Data from: Scott and Crossman From Nick Schmal, USFS Longnose Dace Redside Shiner Pygmy Whitefish. Spawning Migration; ALL FISH 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Peak Spawning Time Jan Mar May July Sept Nov Data from: Scott and Crossman From Nick Schmal, USFS. Passage. Passage?? So, Traditional Culvert Design Does Not Accommodate …

more practical because trees have been proposed as a basic primi- tive in distributed systems for multi-cast communication, locality- aware clustering, and data aggregation.
HMS Victory is a 104-gun first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, ordered in 1758, laid down in 1759 and launched in 1765. She is best known for her role as Lord Nelson ‘s flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805.
The ML and MCC trees of NS5 and complete genome data sets reinforced the fact that USUV could be classified into 6 distinct lineages . Our phylogenetic analyses ( Fig. 1B ; see Fig. S2 and S3 ) further revealed that the USUV from Spain belong to the African monophyletic lineages 2 and 3, indicating multiple introduction of the virus in this European country.
First, development of a tree model using data obtained from an internal log scanning method that can describe every log and stem by its properties in detail for research purposes.
neighbor-joining method a new method for reconstructing
Updated to the 2007 AIA Documents and the 2009 International Building Code. Successful exam preparation requires the best resources, and the ARE Review Manual gives you the power to pass all seven divisions of the ARE.
characters. The fossil must therefore be attached to the cladogram based on its characters, then (and only then) can we infer that its sister group is at least as old as the age of the fossil.
reconstruction and refurbishment of 1 Surrey Street project; 2. Notes the feedback received from Bassendean Historical Society Inc Bassendean Arts Council Inc. the 1 Surrey Steering Group members, the State Heritage Office and Museums Australia concerning the various schematic design options 3. Endorses SIA Architects Pty Ltd Option 2C draft design proposal, as included as an attachment to …
DNA sequence data which might reconstruct wrong trees. The noises or errors from a The noises or errors from a dissimilarity map are accumulated topick irrelevant cherries in neighbor-joining.
Phylogenetic methods for reconstructing species trees from gene trees often assume whereas STAR and NJ st use only gene tree topologies to estimate species trees. Real Data Analysis. The phylogenetic relationship of the six species of yeast has been studied by many researchers (Rokas et al. 2003, Liti et al. 2006, Liu and Pearl 2007, Liu et al. 2008). Phylogenetic analyses based on a
Analyzing the Fitch Method for Reconstructing Ancestral States 1763 for a node X of a phylogenetic tree, a state s ∈{0 , 1}, S ⊆{0 , 1}, where the sum is over all …
Abstract. Lifetime contaminant and hormonal profiles have been reconstructed for an individual male blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus, Linnaeus 1758) using the earplug as a natural aging matrix that is also capable of archiving and preserving lipophilic compounds.
This data is allowing investigators to model and reconstruct parent tree forms for each ship timber. In this way, we can say something about how trees were grown, managed and selected as part of a major Iberian shipbuilding industry. Project Belinho has contributed in many ways to the development of a 3D digital glossary and new methodologies for recording and interrogating ship timber
RIATA-HGT: A Fast and Accurate Heuristic for Reconstructing Horizontal Gene Transfer Luay Nakhleh 1, Derek Ruths , and Li-San Wang2 1 Department of Computer Science, Rice University – craft foam armor tutorial Which data and which questions? Methodological approaches: an overview Multivariate analysis Analyses of genetic data: an overview T. Jombart Imperial College London Bogota 30-11-2010 1/49. Which data and which questions? Methodological approaches: an overview Multivariate analysis Outline Which data and which questions? Genetic data Objectives Methodological approaches: an overview …
Reconstructing Roma history from genome-wide data analysis of the Banjari or Lamani, language s spoken by the Indian gypsies, have little similarity to Romani[6]. Linguistic and genetic studies, however, have provided strong evidence for the origin of Roma in India. Y -chromosome marker H1a-M82 and mitochondrial haplogroup M35b, both thought to b e characteristic of South Asian ancestry
Reconstructing Spontaneous Speech Erin Fitzgerald Thesis Defense. January 19, 2009. Committee: Frederick Jelinek and Sanjeev Khudanpur (Readers) Andreas Andreou, Robert Frank, and Keith Hall
sibling reconstruction that are currently available and present experimental validation of various methods using both real biological data and simulated data. 1.1.
Mapping of tree position of Larix leptolepis woods and estimation of diameter at breast height (DBH) and biomass of the trees using range data measured by a portable scanning LIDAR. Journal of Remote Sensing Society of Japan, 22 , 550–557.
To facilitate a full analysis of the hull form design method, it was necessary to assemble all of these timbers into one file. The composite model, which served as the basis for the design recovery and analysis of the hull, is seen in Fig. 31 .
On the other hand, the analysis of the residuals (Figure 4) reveals that for small trees and large trees the model did not systematically tend to overestimate nor underestimate the volume. Despite the larger uncertainty in the volume estimation for large trees , there was no …
The data For inference of a species tree, data input might be aligned molecular sequences collections of gene trees A species tree inference method might lead to.
trees for the input species and select the most parsimonious tree as an output tree by processing the input species’ genome data (such as nucleotide sequence data or gene order data).
Illustrated Glossary of Ship and Boat Terms Keywords: Illustrated Glossary of Ship and Boat Terms [The following illustrated glossary first appeared in its entirety in Wooden Ship Building and the Interpretation of Shipwrecks , by J. Richard Steffy (1994).
As we discussed before, reconstructing a tree that reflects the evolutionary history of a set of species is a hard task, and great care must be taken in the choice of the data used
As an organic material, wood normally decays under combined biological and chemical degradation when buried in earth; it may, however, survive prolonged exposure to extreme dryness or wetness.
Arbitrary dissimilarity data are then analyzed by comparing their neighbors relations with ideal, that is, tree-like relations: if it matches an ideal relation, then one can readily construct a tree representing the data that is optimal in a certain sense. Finally, some algorithms are proposed for fitting observed data to tree-like data.
The aquatic flowering-plant family Hydatellaceae has a classic Gondwanan distribution, as it is found in Australia, India and New Zealand. To shed light on the biogeographic history of this apparently ancient branch of angiosperm phylogeny, we dated the family in the context of other seed-plant
A Consensus Tree Approach for Reconstructing Human Evolutionary History and Detecting Population Substructure Ming-Chi Tsai, Guy Blelloch, R. Ravi, and Russell Schwartz
In this paper, we propose a method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees of a given set of prokaryote organisms by randomly sampling relatively small oligopeptides of …
Schematic drawing of a longship construction representing the Sebbe Als ship. Analysis of timber samples from Viking long boats shows that a variety of timbers were used, but there was strong preference for oak, a tree associated with Thor in Viking mythology. Oak is a heavy, durable timber that can be easily worked by adze and axe when green (wet/unseasoned). Generally large and
given to methods for quantifying radial growth increment (e.g., Biging and Wensel 1988) or reconstructing historical tree diameter (Dolph 1981). In this paper I describe a new
Ancestral reconstruction Wikipedia
The Swash Channel Wreck, Dorset: Tree-ring Analysis of Ship Timbers. English Heritage Research Report Department Series 106/2010 English Heritage Research Report Department Series 106/2010 2009 Bell, M., Manning, S. and Nayling, N. Dating the Coastal Mesolithic of Western Britain: a Test of Some Evolutionary Assumptions in Crombé, P. et al (eds) Chronology and Evolution of the Mesolithic in
Fourier Analysis and Phylogenetic Trees STEVEN N. EVANS Abstract. We give an overview of phylogenetic invariants: a technique for reconstructing evolutionary family trees from DNA sequence data. This method is useful in practice and is based on a number of simple ideas from elementary group theory, probability, linear algebra, and commutative algebra. 1. Introduction Phylogeny is the branch …
The models were calibrated using least-squares regression analysis, despite the violation of the assumption of independence ofobserva- lions (multiple data points were taken from each stump or tree).
Recent computational and modeling advances have produced methods for estimating species trees directly, avoiding the problems and limitations of the traditional phylogenetic paradigm where an estimated gene tree is equated with the history of species divergence.
sample ship‐timbers. Registration of ring‐widths from recovered samples and delivery of data samples and sub‐samples to be analysed by the ESRs of WP3.
(ii) Analyse the data and identify key constraints and potential opportunities. (iii) Set the environmental and social values (or outcomes) in consultation with the community and various stakeholders based on the analysis of the available
ship and boat timbers will reflect methods of managing and acquiring wood, a “timber economy.” The archaeological study of wood-use behaviors and extrapolation of other such cultural knowledge from wood is a relatively recent development in the field of tree-ring analysis, one usually credited to Jeffrey S. Dean in 1996.4 Although Dean addressed the interface of human behavior and the
The need to grow trees for timber, particularly for ship-building, drove pioneers in forest genetics to seek optimal seed sources for planting. H.L. Duhamel du Monceau, the Inspector-General of
Abstract. The problem of inference of an additive tree from an incomplete dissimilarity matrix is known to be very delicate. As a solution to this problem, it has been suggested either to estimate the missing entries of a given partial dissimilarity matrix prior to tree reconstruction (De Soete, 1984 and Landry et al., 1997) or directly
Ship hull framing schematics Dramatic increase in tanker sizes Tanker dimensions Bulk carrier dimensions Barge dimensions Generalized loads and environmental factors affecting pier design. Vessel berth exposure conditions Berth arrangements Berth layout design criteria Vessel slip widths for multiple-berth piers Long-term wind speed versus return period for selected offshore regions
TOWN OF BASSENDEAN

Viking Age tar production and outland exploitation
was taken as the equivalent to the height of the crown base of the tree. In dense forest stands tree height is difficult to measure directly with terrestrial laser scanners.
Blue whale earplug reveals lifetime contaminant exposure

Fourier Analysis and Phylogenetic Trees MSRI

The complexity of reconstructing trees from qualitative

Rec-DCM-Eigen Reconstructing a Less Parsimonious but More

Peter Groenendijk University of Santiago de Compostela
wailua river kayak self guided – Reconstructing phylogenetic trees of prokaryote genomes by
Culvert Design in Forested Watersheds That Improve

EFLECTIONS OF A TIMBER ECONOMY THE INTERPRETATION OF

YouTube Embed: No video/playlist ID has been supplied

RIATA-HGT A Fast and Accurate Heuristic for